REGULATORY AND LEGAL CONCEPTUALIZATION OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF BUILDINGS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31650/2786-6696-2026-15-87-96Keywords:
energy efficiency of buildings, legal regulation, energy certification, thermal modernization, European integration, energy audit, sustainable developmentAbstract
The article is devoted to a comprehensive study of the regulatory and legal conceptualization of energy efficiency of buildings in Ukraine in the context of the implementation of European standards and the formation of a national legal regulation system. The evolution of the conceptual apparatus from the term "energy saving" to "energy efficiency" is analyzed, which reflects the transition from quantitative restrictions on consumption to improving the quality of energy use in accordance with the requirements of Directive 2010/31/EU on the energy performance of buildings and Directive 2012/27/EU on energy efficiency. The basic legislative acts are studied, in particular the Law of Ukraine "On Energy Performance of Buildings", the Law of Ukraine "On Energy Efficiency" and the creation of the Energy Efficiency Fund as an institutional mechanism for supporting the thermal modernization of residential buildings with total funding of over 2 billion UAH. The main legal regulatory instruments are identified: a system of mandatory energy certification of buildings, energy audit, minimum requirements for energy efficiency of new buildings and the concept of buildings with a near-zero energy consumption level. An analysis of by-laws and technical standards that form a comprehensive regulatory system from design to operation of buildings, including methods for calculating energy characteristics and energy efficiency classification, was carried out. It was established that Ukrainian legislation successfully integrates European approaches, creating a legal basis for a systematic reduction in energy consumption in buildings and achieving climate goals by 2050. The practical implementation of the concept demonstrates positive results in the period 2018-2023. The average level of energy savings after thermal modernization is 31.3%, which confirms the effectiveness of legal mechanisms for stimulating energy efficiency and the need for further improvement of the regulatory framework.
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